Judiciary
The current legal and judicial system in the Indian subcontinent for nearly two ' hundred years of British rule is largely indebted, although some elements of the pre - British period were remnants of Hindu and Muslim rule. various stages exceeds been gradually developed as a historical process the. partly indigenous and partly in the development process and the structure of foreign, legal principles and concepts of the Indo - emanates from a mixed system of both Mughal and British legal system. Indian subcontinent, the British period the previous hundred years of Muslim and Hindu rule has a rich history. Each its own distinct legal system was.
Almost fifteen ' hundred years ago, after the beginning of the Christian era and expands the Hindu period. ancient India is divided into several independent states , and the king was the Supreme authority of each state. judicial system, considered as the source of justice, the justice of the king and his kingdom were as the highest authority in the administration of justice was entrusted.
As a result of the invasion and conquest of the Indian subcontinent, the Muslim rulers in 1100 AD Muslim period starts. eleventh century and the beginning of the twelfth century, the transition to the Muslim rulers in the face of attacks by Hindu kingdom began to disintegrate gradually. , when Muslims conquered all the states, the Holy Qur'an and religious books they on the Based on the theory that they brought with them. According to the Holy Quran in the hand of God's sovereignty and the king ordered the earth and His humble servant of God. ruler of God's chosen agent and trustee.
Some
of the officers of the British royal chartered East India Company took
over the modernization of India's ancient legal and judicial system. East India Company at Bombay , Madras and Calcutta to take possession and control of the establishment, the next time the ' Presidency Town ' became known as. native authorities in collaboration with the company participated in the administration of justice. 6
of 17 charter issued by King George in India as a first step in the
introduction of English law and the judicial system works. Receives approval to trade with the East India Company. To remove the defects in the Charter of King George II in 1753 a new charter was issued. improve the system for the House of Commons - the secret committee to intervene and Regulation Act, passed in 1773, under which the establishment of the Supreme Court of judicature at Calcutta 1774 In a separate certificate issued. later in 1801 at Madras and Bombay in the 18's 4 (present-day Mumbai), the Supreme Court was established.
India 's first Law Commission was established in 1853 and is an all India legislature created whose laws were effective on the court. at the time of the East India Company was dissolved and the soldier of the Revolution of 1857 and the first since independence in 1858, the British dominion of India was taken over by the king. Civil Procedure, Criminal Procedure Law, Penal Code, evidence law, and general legal framework that was formulated during the British Parliament in 1861 enacted the Indian High Court in which the three Presidency cities (Calcutta, Bombay and Madras ) to replace the Supreme Court was established. Court establishing a regular kramaadhikaratantra the Civil and Criminal Courts Civil Courts Act, 1887 and the Criminal Procedure Act, 1898, through the organization . Indian sub-continent, the current system of civil and criminal courts, the legal The basis of the Civil Courts Act, 1887 and the Criminal Procedure Act, 1898. India and Pakistan on 15 August 1947, the British Parliament the Indian Independence Act, 1947 to be declared as an independent state . A. By law, a new constitution for the independent India and Pakistan until depicts the two governments have managed the Government of India Act, 1935 of the through. structure of the Justice Department had remained the same as before 1947.
The Government of India Act of 1935 gave the government changed the structure. Be a result of the federal government in a single or central rule is changed. According to the rules of law in the new constitution, written by India and Pakistan, both countries until the Federal Court to hold.
The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan , the Privy Council (Abolition of Jurisdiction) Act, 1950 , which is passed to the Federal Court of Pakistan rejected the system of appeal to the Privy Council. In
1956, the new Constitution covers the provinces of High Court and the
center of the Supreme Court of Pakistan was established until the Federal Court of Pakistan's Supreme Court has acted as. Pakistan's constitution in 1958 was canceled, and 196 in another constitution was introduced, but the entire trial structure remains the same. , 1971 After liberation in 197 Bangladesh in the Constitution by adopting the Appellate Division and the High Court Division of the Supreme Court comprising the structure and functioning are described. Notice that, in Bangladesh, the subordinate judiciary, civil and criminal measures both originated Civil Courts Act, 1887 and the Criminal Procedure Act, 1898. Bangladesh also have some other special laws, which works on the basis of the special courts, such as - Labour Court, Juvenile Court, Administrative Tribunal, etc..
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